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Understanding the Fabric Tensile Tester: A Comprehensive Guide

September 23, 2024 industry.textile Testing

Understanding the Fabric Tensile Tester: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction

In the textile industry, the strength and durability of fabrics are critical attributes that determine their quality and suitability for various applications. To measure these properties, the fabric tensile tester is an essential tool. This article delves into the workings, importance, and applications of fabric tensile testers, providing a thorough understanding for both professionals and enthusiasts in the textile field.

What is a Fabric Tensile Tester?

A fabric tensile tester is a specialized instrument used to determine the tensile strength and elongation of textile materials. It evaluates how a fabric behaves when subjected to pulling forces, which is crucial for assessing its performance and durability. The results from these tests help manufacturers ensure that their products meet the required standards and specifications.

How Does a Fabric Tensile Tester Work?

The fabric tensile tester operates by applying a controlled tensile force to a fabric sample until it breaks. Here’s a step-by-step overview of the testing process:

Preparation: A specimen of the fabric is cut into a standard size, typically a strip of 5 cm by 20 cm, although the dimensions may vary based on specific standards or requirements.
Mounting: The fabric specimen is clamped between two jaws in the tester. One jaw is fixed while the other moves to apply the tensile force.
Testing: The movable jaw pulls the fabric at a constant rate, and the machine records the force required to stretch the fabric and the elongation that occurs until the fabric breaks.
Data Collection: The tester’s software collects data on the force applied and the elongation of the fabric, generating a stress-strain curve. This curve helps in analyzing the fabric’s tensile properties.
Results Analysis: Key metrics such as tensile strength (the maximum force the fabric can withstand before breaking), elongation at break (the extent to which the fabric stretches before breaking), and initial modulus (the fabric’s stiffness) are calculated and analyzed.

Importance of Fabric Tensile Testing

Fabric tensile testing is crucial for several reasons:

Quality Control: Ensures that fabrics meet the necessary strength and durability standards, which is essential for consumer safety and satisfaction.
Product Development: Helps in the development of new fabrics and materials by providing insights into their mechanical properties.
Compliance: Ensures that textile products comply with industry standards and regulations, which is vital for market acceptance.
Performance Prediction: Predicts how fabrics will behave under various conditions, aiding in the selection of appropriate materials for specific applications.

Applications of Fabric Tensile Testing

Fabric tensile testers are widely used in various sectors of the textile industry:

Apparel: Ensures that clothing fabrics are strong enough to withstand wear and tear.
Home Textiles: Tests the durability of fabrics used in items like curtains, upholstery, and bedding.
Industrial Textiles: Evaluates the strength of technical textiles used in applications such as automotive, aerospace, and construction.
Medical Textiles: Assesses the properties of fabrics used in healthcare products like bandages, surgical gowns, and drapes.

Types of Fabric Tensile Testers

There are different types of fabric tensile testers designed to meet various testing needs:

Universal Testing Machines (UTMs): These versatile machines can test a wide range of materials, including fabrics, and provide comprehensive data on tensile properties.
Dedicated Fabric Testers: Specifically designed for textile testing, these machines offer specialized features like multi-directional testing and high-resolution data acquisition.
Portable Testers: Compact and easy to use, these are ideal for on-site testing and quality control checks.

Conclusion

The fabric tensile tester is an indispensable tool in the textile industry, playing a critical role in ensuring the strength, durability, and overall quality of fabrics. By understanding its operation, importance, and applications, textile professionals can better appreciate its contribution to the development and production of high-quality textile products. Whether for quality control, product development, or compliance, fabric tensile testing remains a cornerstone of the textile testing process.

Essential Quality Assurance Before Shipment

December 28, 2023 Engr. Md. Mustak Ahmed Quality, Testing

The success of a business depends on delivering high-quality products to customers. One critical stage in this process is the pre-shipment inspection, where thorough quality checks are conducted to ensure that the products meet the specified standards. Implementing comprehensive quality control measures before shipment is crucial for building trust with customers, minimizing returns, and safeguarding the reputation of the brand. Let’s delve into the essential quality checks that should be performed before shipping products to market.

1. Product Specifications Verification: Before anything else, it is imperative to verify that the shipped products align with the specified requirements and meet the agreed-upon standards. This involves a meticulous examination of product specifications, including dimensions, materials, colors, and any other critical features. Any deviation from the agreed-upon specifications can result in customer dissatisfaction and potential returns.

2. Visual Inspection: A visual inspection is the first line of defense against defects and discrepancies. Every unit in the shipment should be visually inspected for any visible issues such as scratches, dents, or misalignments. This step helps identify and rectify any cosmetic imperfections that could compromise the product’s aesthetic appeal and perceived value.

3. Functionality Testing: For products that have functional components, rigorous functionality testing is essential. This may include checking electronic devices for proper operation, ensuring mechanical parts function smoothly, or testing the efficacy of chemical products. Functionality testing is crucial to guarantee that each product performs as intended, meeting the expectations of end-users.

4. Packaging Integrity: The packaging is not just a means of presentation; it plays a vital role in protecting the product during transit. Quality checks should be conducted to ensure that the packaging is intact and capable of safeguarding the product from potential damage. This involves assessing the strength, durability, and appropriateness of the packaging materials for the specific product.

5. Quantity Verification: Accuracy in quantity is paramount. Counting and verifying the correct number of units in the shipment is a fundamental quality check. A simple discrepancy in quantity can lead to logistical issues, customer complaints, and financial losses. Implementing automated counting systems and cross-checking with packing lists helps ensure accuracy in quantity.

6. Labeling and Marking Inspection: Proper labeling is crucial for regulatory compliance and customer understanding. All labels, including product labels, safety labels, and country of origin labels, should be inspected for accuracy and adherence to legal requirements. Additionally, marking on the packaging, such as batch numbers and expiration dates, should be verified to avoid any issues with product traceability.

7. Regulatory Compliance Check: Depending on the nature of the product and the destination country, there may be specific regulatory requirements that must be met. It is essential to conduct a thorough regulatory compliance check to ensure that the products conform to local and international standards, certifications, and safety regulations.

8. Documentation Review: Accurate and complete documentation is crucial for a smooth customs clearance process. Before shipment, all relevant documents, including invoices, packing lists, and certificates, should be reviewed for accuracy and completeness. Any discrepancies or missing information should be addressed promptly to prevent delays and potential fines.

9. Random Sampling: While inspecting every unit is ideal, it may not always be feasible due to time and cost constraints. Random sampling provides a statistically valid way to assess the overall quality of the shipment. This involves selecting a representative sample of products for in-depth inspection, increasing the likelihood of detecting potential issues within the entire batch.

10. Environmental Conditions: Products can be sensitive to environmental conditions during transportation. For example, certain products may be adversely affected by temperature fluctuations or humidity. It is crucial to ensure that the chosen mode of transportation and packaging adequately protect the products from environmental factors that could compromise their quality.

Classification of Industrial Textile

August 13, 2019 TESTEX Testing

Industrial textiles are specific textiles for industrial purpose. In this article, we will introduce some industrials about their application and features.

Nonwovens for bumper harvest

Nonoven fabric for harvest — Nonwoven for bumper harvest

Nonwovens are common materials for the cover of thermal insulation shed. They can reduce the risk of some natural disaster.to improve the microclimatic conditions for the crop.

Fishing Net

Nets for catching fish. twine, nylon or polyester multifilament, polyester monofilament are the raw materials to make nets. The knitted method is a knot, twist, or warp.

Geotextile/Geomembrane

Basically use of geotextile to enhance the roadbed, therefore, it becomes possible to build the road on some soft-land. In addition, we can also place geotextile on the slopes of the mountain to grow the plant on.

As a result, soils can not run easily due to heavy rains. It’s features in good tensile, tear-resistant, anti-breaking and other mechanical properties, and keep the water permeability at the same time.

Fire Hose

Pipe shape textile that can withstand a certain pressure. The raw materials contain cotton, ramie, flax, and synthetic fiber n this goods. This is suitable for high-pressure delivery without leaking. Fire hose features in good resistance of abrasion, preservative, and light in weight.

Wall-covering cloth

Wall decoration textile, features in wear-resistant, safe flammability performance. We can easily clean the wall with a wet cloth. This kind of cloth requires special fire resistance in the finishing process to make it safe in use.

Equipotential silk

Good electrical conductivity and provides shielding of electromagnetic. The raw materials that offer equipotential silk these features are tussah silk and metallic line. Radiation protection suit is one common final product of equipotential silk.

Parachute Fabric

Nylon woven fabric in plain weave structure is what inside a parachute fabric. We embed the warp and weft with a relatively thick nylon thread at a certain distance. As a result, we form a plaid structure to improve tear strength. In addition, the specific amount of air is also an important physical indicator.

Medical Gauze

is the base material for medical dressing and covering. It is woven with medium and roving plain weave, and the structure is sparse. After weaving and degreasing, medical gauze should have good moisture absorption and moisture dissipation properties.

Surgical Sutures

Surgical sutures are sutures for surgery. Manufactures use finer nylon 6 or nylon 66 monofilament to produce surgical sutures. The requirement is high strength, smooth, very cool, not scattered, not easy to rot, and the reaction of foreign bodies in the human body is small.

You might be interested to read

Top 10 most amazing textile Revolution in future

In conclusion;

after reading these introductions, you may find that all these industrial textiles have special requirement for their textile properties.
However, you can not tell determine these properties like bursting, tear strength, abrasion via your eyes. In other words, we need to test industrial textiles to know their performance.

To conduct industrial textile testing, you will need varied kinds of testing instrument. For example , you will need a permeability tester to test the Nonwovens for bumper harvest fabric. similarly, a vertical flammability chamber to test the Wall-covering cloth.

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Scientist in Bangladesh has invented one kind of amazing bag

June 5, 2018 Riad Badhon Business, How To, News, Testing, Wet Processing

Introducing of Sonali Bag

A Bangladeshi scientist has invented one kind of bag called “Sonali Bag”. Its look like transparent polythene bag. It’s made from completely bio-degradable substance. To protect from of hazard effect of polythene goods. Scientist over the globe trying to replace that effect by some new inventions. Finally; Bangladeshi scientist named Dr. Mubarak Ahmad Khan demand that he has invented such bags which made from jute.

Everybody knows about Jute fiber which is also known as Golden fiber. Jute fibers are silky, lustrous and golden brown in color. It has strength, low cost, durability and versatility. Sonali Bag is used where low cost is important than durability and it is called Golden fiber.

Scientists have conducted researches for long to invent an effective alternative to the harmful polythene. But they do not find any way. The new jute-made bag used as handy as poly bag, it is supposed to have a huge potential for successfully ending the use polythene in the country and save the environment of Bangladesh along with world environment.

You may like to know about Revolution of textile by banana fiber

History:

Dr. Mubarak Ahmad Khan

Dr. Mubarak Ahmad Khan has invented the ‘Sonali bag’. He has successfully developed the low-cost bio-degradable sheet from modified jute cellulose. Mechanical properties of polyethylene sheet is lower than the developed sheet. The product shows complete bio-Degradability within 4-6 months of soil burial. It will be degraded in water by around 8 hours.

Chemical composition:-

Cellulose: 65.2%

Hemi-cellulose: 22.2 %

Lignin: 12.5 %

Water soluble matter: 1.5 %

Fat and wax: 0.6 %

Advantages:

It is biodegradable so Environment won’t be polluted by this product.
The production of Jute in Bangladesh is more but its uses are not enough than its production. So that it can get much positive feedback from user.
Because of being transparent its look like also polyethylene and attractive.
It has more strength than polyethylene so it can carry much load.
Because of made from jute fiber, after bulk production its cost would be cheap.

This article was guest post by Riad Badhon. You may get him by this mail id: riad19111998@gmail.com

What do you think about this new invention and about his sonali bag please write a comment blew.

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Revolution of textile by banana fiber

September 1, 2017 Engr. Md. Mustak Ahmed Fiber, News, Spinning, Testing

Banana is a famous well-known fruit specially in yellow color all across the word. Banana has too much natural nutrition fact that makes human body more healthy and strong. Today’s we realize that banana is not only one purpose we cultivate banana tree. Because banana stalk can be used to extract valuable fiber. That fiber could be used to make products like tea bag, sanitary napkin, floor and wall mat. Recently japan used this fiber to make yen bank notes, car tyres and many more. The multipurpose usage of banana fiber increasing the demanding value recent years. Expert says this banana fiber might brought to light by Japanese and Nepalis on ancient time. When they think about waste the entire banana tree by cut and through into dustbin. They find out the stalk of banana fiber can be produced to make rope that take too much force to get it breaking point.

Revolution of textile by banana fiber

The archaeologists say may be three banana trees was first cultivated in Kuk valley of New Guinea around 8,000 BCE but it could be occurred throughout South-East Asia and the South Pacific. In the time of 13th century they use banana stalk as a source of fiber. But when people get a better, strong and smoot fiber like cotton and silk the banana fiber faded away by time.

Todays those ancient thought giving us amazing silk grade banana fiber by Turning a waste into profit.

Banana fiber composed

cellulose
hemicelluloses
lignin

It’s like bamboo and ramie fibers. But this fiber’s fineness and spin ability are better than bamboo and ramie fibers.

Properties of banana fiber

The chemical composition is cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin.
It has better fineness and spin ability which include ring spinning, open -end spinning, best fiber spinning and semi-worsted spinning.
it is strong fiber & it has smaller elongation and
its weight is light.
It has strong moisture absorb quality.
Best fiber of banana extract from bark of banana tree.
This fiber is bio-degradable.
It is ECO-friendly fiber.
Banana fiber comes from wasted banana tree which we thought worthless.

Revolution of textile by banana fiber- waste material

Production of banana fiber

Banana tree is harvest in field
Stems are peeled to extract sheaths
Sheaths are fed into machine
Extracted fiber in sun dried for a day
This fiber is ready for craft
Fiber used for handicrafts

Value of this fiber is increasing for its demand and multipurpose usages all over the world. Global textile industries took an important step to turn a waste material into profitable fiber.

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Percentage of impurities in different natural fiber

October 14, 2014 Engr. Md. Mustak Ahmed Fiber, Spinning, Testing

Percentage of impurities in different natural fiber:

Every natural textile fiber is made with a little bit impurities which are totally unusable. Before use that fiber its need to remove those impurities from the fiber with keeps the useable part that fiber. Various quantities impurities and various types impurities are included in textile natural fiber. Every natural fiber, impurities and quantities are given blew.

Cotton Fiber

Percentage of impurities in Cotton fiber.

Cotton is a uni-cellulose fiber. Cellulose is the use able and main part the cotton fiber. 94% cellulose and 6% impurities are made a natural cotton fiber. The name and the percentage impurities are given blew. It’s could be less or high.

Protein 1.3%

Pectin’s 1.2%

Oil, Fat, Wax 0.6%

Mineral Matters 1.3%

Ash 0.5%

Others 1.1%

———————————————————

Total Impurities 06%

Cellulose 94%

Total: 100%

NB: Cellulose is the main useable element in cotton fiber & the quantity of impurities and cellulose could be less or high.

Jute Fiber

Percentage of impurities in Jute fiber.

Jute fiber is a multi-cellulose fiber and the main useable element is cellulose in this fiber. Generally 65% Cellulose and 35% impurities are including in a jute fiber, It could be less or high. Percentage and the name of impurities in jute are given blew.

Hemicelluloses 22.2%

Lignin 10.8%

Color pigment, Regions and others 2.0%

———————————————————

Total Impurities 35%

Cellulose 65%

Total: 100%

NB: Cellulose is the main useable element in Jute fiber & the quantity of impurities and cellulose could be less or high.

Wool Fiber

Percentage of impurities in Wool fiber

Wool is a natural animal fiber. The authentic element of wool is keratin. 61% keratin and 39% impurities are made-up the natural animal wool fiber. The impurities are Wool Wax or grease, Suint, dirt, burrs, minaret meters, water and others. Let’s have a look at percentage. It’s could be less or high.

Wool Wax or grease 11%

Suint 8%

Dirt 8%

Burrs minaret meters,

Water and others 12%

———————————————————

Total Impurities 39%

Keratin 61%

Total: 100%

NB: Keratin is the main useable element in Wool fiber & the quantity of impurities and Keratin could be less or high.

Silk Fiber

Percentage of impurities in silk fiber

Silk is a natural animal fiber which one is produce from silk worm. Sericin is the main impurities in the silk fiber. Fibroin is the main element is the main part of the silk its called pure silk. Percentage of impurities are given blew. It’s could be less or high.

Sericin 22%

Wax 1.5%

Mineral salt, color,

Pigment and others 0.5%

———————————————————

Total Impurities 24%

Fibroin 76%

Total: 100%

NB: Fibroin is the main useable element in Silk fiber & the quantity of impurities and fibroin could be less or high.

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